I. Ceramic dielectric capacitor (CC)
1.Structure
Ceramic material is used as dielectric, and a layer of metal (silver) film is coated on the surface of ceramic, and then sintered at high temperature as electrode. Ceramic dielectric capacitors are divided into 1 type of dielectric (NPO, CCG); 2 type of dielectric (X7R, 2X1) and 3 type of dielectric (Y5V, 2F4) ceramic dielectric capacitors.
2. Characteristics
Class 1 porcelain dielectric capacitors have the advantages of small temperature coefficient, high stability, low loss and high voltage withstand. The maximum capacity does not exceed 1,000 pF, and the commonly used ones are CC1, CC2, CC18A, CC11, CCG, etc. Class 2 and 3 dielectric capacitors are characterized by high material dielectric coefficient, large capacity (up to 0.47 μF), small volume, loss and poor insulation performance compared with those of class 1.
3. Applications
Class 1 capacitors are mainly used in high frequency circuits. 2 and 3 capacitors are widely used in medium and low frequency circuits as capacitors for isolation, coupling, bypass and filtering. The commonly used ones are CT1, CT2, CT3 and other series.
II. Polyester capacitor (CL)
1.Structure
Polyester capacitor is a non-polar capacitor with positive temperature coefficient (i.e., the capacitance becomes larger when the temperature rises) made of polarized polyester film as dielectric.
2.Advantages
High temperature resistance, high voltage resistance, humidity resistance, and low price.
3.Application
Generally used in medium and low frequency circuits. Commonly used models are CL11, CL21 and other series.
C. Polystyrene capacitor (CB)
1.Structure
There are two types: foil type and metalized type.
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2. Advantages
Foil type has high insulation resistance, low dielectric loss, stable capacity and high precision, but large volume and poor heat resistance; metallized type has better moisture resistance and stability than foil type, and can heal itself after breakdown, but low insulation resistance and poor high frequency characteristics.
3. Use
Generally used in medium and high frequency circuits. Commonly used models are CB10, CB11 (non-sealed foil type), CB14~16 (precision type), CB24, CB25 (non-sealed metallization), CB80 (high voltage type), CB40 (sealed metallization) and other series.
Four, polypropylene capacitors (CBB)
1. Structure
It is a kind of negative temperature coefficient non-polar capacitor made of non-polar polypropylene film as medium. There are two types of non-sealed (commonly encapsulated with colored resin paint) and sealed (encapsulated with metal or plastic shell).
2. Advantages
Low loss, stable performance, good insulation and high capacity.
3. Application
Generally used in medium and low frequency electronic circuits or as the starting capacitor of motors. Commonly used foil polypropylene capacitors: CBB10, CBB11, CBB60, CBB61, etc.; metalized polypropylene capacitors: CBB20, CBB21, CBB401, etc.
V. Monolithic Capacitors
1.Structure
Monolithic capacitors are multi-layer stacked chip ultra-small capacitors made of barium titanate based ceramic materials sintered.
2.Advantages
It has the advantages of reliable performance, high temperature resistance, humidity resistance, large capacity (capacity range 1 pF ~ 1 μF) and low leakage current, etc. 3. Disadvantages
Low operating voltage (withstanding voltage less than 100 V).
4. Applications
Widely used in resonance, bypass, coupling, filtering, etc. Commonly used are CT4 (low frequency), CT42 (low frequency); CC4 (high frequency), CC42 (high frequency) and other series.
Six, mica capacitors (CY)
1. Structure
Mica capacitor is made of mica as medium, and a metal film (silver) is sprayed on the surface of mica as electrode, which is impregnated and pressed into the mylar shell (or ceramic or plastic shell) according to the required capacity stack.
2. Advantages
Good stability, small distributed inductance, high accuracy, low loss, high insulation resistance, good temperature and frequency characteristics, high operating voltage (50 V~7 kV), etc.
3. Applications
Generally used in high frequency circuits for signal coupling, bypass, tuning, etc. Commonly used are CY, CYZ, CYRX and other series.
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